Malaria is a vectorborne disease caused by a singlecelled protozoan parasite called plasmodium. Click the download link below to open or save to your computer. There are different brands of rdt kits used by the private laboratories in india, among which sd bioline malaria pfpan was the commonly used rdt. A rapid diagnostic test rdt is an alternate way of quickly establishing the diagnosis of malaria infection by detecting specific malaria antigens in a persons blood. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. All fever cases diagnosed as malaria by either rdt or microscopy should be promptly given effective treatment. Although rapid diagnostic tests rdts are presently widely used for malaria diagnosis, there is a dearth of information on postmarketing surveillance on its efficacy in cameroon.
Chloroquine resochin 1934, 1946 chloroquine was discovered by a german, hans andersag, in 1934 at bayer i. Performance of a highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test hs. Principle of immunochromatographic rdt for malaria. The sd bioline pfpan privately used antigen based rdt kit which detects more than one species of malaria parasite indicating differential diagnosis between p. The aim of this study is to assess the performance of a new highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test hsrdt for the detection of malaria in peripheral and placental blood samples from. Colour stills from ancient china showing the historical understanding of the disease. Rapid diagnostic tests rdts for malaria powerpoint ppt presentation.
Malaria rapid diagnostic tests rdts represent one diagnostic method that is used in a variety of contexts to overcome limitations of other diagnostic techniques. Successful malaria control, therefore, greatly depends on effective diagnosis and treatment within private sector outlets. Malaria remains the worlds most devastating human parasitic infection. Performance of a highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test. Malaria rdts increase the availability and feasibility of accurate diagnosis and may result in improved quality of care. In addition, all positive rdts should also followed by microscopy. But as lamp would still miss small portion of lowdensity infections, and current price of commercial lamp kit is relative high, improvement is still needed for it to replace rdt or pcr, especially in malaria elimination programs. About 40 of the worlds population, are at risk of malaria. The present study evaluated the performance characteristics of carestart malaria hrp2 histidinerich protein 2 antigen ag rdt in diagnosing. Such information is also becoming increasingly relevant in global efforts for disease elimination, where the testing of asymptomatic patients is now seen as being important for the identification of disease. It infects up to 250 million and kills nearly 800,000 people per year.
The 10 highest burden african countries saw an estimated 3. The uploader spent hisher valuable time to create this malaria powerpoint presentation slides, to share hisher useful content with the world. Combat hivaids, malaria and other diseases target 6c. Animated drawings in colour describing the progress of the disease.
Rapid diagnostic tests rdt and microscopy are the primary diagnostic tools for the confirmation and management of suspected clinical malaria due to their high diagnostic performance in detection, their wide availability, and their relatively low cost. False 7 the start time of the test should be written down before collecting the patients blood. The ethiopia national malaria indicator survey 2015 emis 2015 report demonstrates the combined efforts of the ethiopian public health institute ephi, federal ministry of health fmoh, and a multitude of other partners and individuals. Malaria presentation ppt malaria medical specialties. Advances in molecular diagnosis of malaria sciencedirect. The world malaria report 2018 estimates that there were 219 million cases of malaria in 2017. Malaria remains a diagnostic challenge in many endemic communities. Concurrence of carestart malaria hrp2 rdt with microscopy in. The global control of malaria is more challenging than that of many other infectious diseases.
These tests require a drop of peripheral blood, normally collected from a finger or heel prick. This site provides information and guidance to malaria control. Malaria presentation ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Malaria updated is the property of its rightful owner. Malaria rapid diagnostic test performance results of who product testing of malaria. Ppt malaria case management powerpoint presentation. There are currently over 100 countries and territories where. Malaria rapid diagnostic test performance world health. A malaria rdt, sometimes called dipstick or malaria rapid diagnostic device detects specific antigens proteins produced by malaria parasites. Rdts are an alternative to diagnosis based on clinical grounds or microscopy, particularly where good quality microscopy services cannot be readily provided. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about malaria diagnosis ppt. We compared the accuracy of histidinerich protein 2 hrp2 and plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase pldhbased rdts, using expert microscopy as a gold standard, for initial diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and diagnosis of recurrent malaria in a cohort of children followed longitudinally.
Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria parasites clinical microbiology. Guidelines for managing the malaria supply chain a companion to the logistics handbook the authors views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the u. The ephi would like to extend its sincere gratitude to. This national malaria treatment protocol 2019 contains updated recommendations based on national adaptation of global who recommendations. Malaria is transmitted primarily by the bite of an infected anopheles mosquito. Ppt malaria powerpoint presentation free to download. A technical film about the development of the malaria parasite through human and mosquito phases. Costeffectiveness of using a rapid diagnostic test to screen. Paperbased microfluidics for dna diagnostics of malaria. Section 4 perform a malaria rapid diagnostic test 60 min. Free download malaria powerpoint presentation slides.
Rdts are available in various formats dipstick, cassette or hybrids. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Malaria diagnosis with rapid diagnostic tests rdts is a clinical service and as such standard operating procedures sops are required. View and download powerpoint presentations on malaria diagnosis ppt. The world health organization who now recommends a confirmatory diagnosis of malaria using microscopy andor rdt before initiation of treatment, partly influenced by the fear of the development of drug resistance and to enable. This helps you give your presentation on malaria in a conference, a school lecture, a business proposal, in a webinar and business and professional representations the uploader spent hisher valuable time to create this malaria powerpoint.
Malaria remains a major public health threat, particularly in subsaharan africa, where about 191 million new infections and 395,000 deaths were reported in 2015. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this health. Powerpoint is the worlds most popular presentation software which can let you create professional malaria powerpoint presentation easily and in no time. Microscopy uses a blood smear to identify whether parasites are present in the patient. Rdts permit a reliable detection of malaria infections particularly in remote areas with limited access to good quality microscopy services. Sep 17, 2018 malaria in equatorial guinea remains a major public health problem. Agency for international development or the united states government. Malaria malaria is one of the worlds biggest killers. The aim of this study is to assess the performance of a new highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test hs rdt for the detection of malaria in peripheral and placental blood samples from. Malaria is especially a serious problem in africa, where one in every five 20.
The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content. Test area contains immobilized monoclonal antibody, which captures the agab complex giving a visible line. Who, estimates that there are 350 500 million cases of malaria worldwide. The world health organization recommends parasitological confirmation of malaria prior to treatment. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free. Answer no for a malaria test, they will take your blood and either look at it under the microscope or use it in a rapid diagnostic test rdt for malaria. Malaria can be diagnosed by microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests rdts. The country is a holoendemic area with a yearround transmission pattern. Costeffectiveness of using a rapid diagnostic test to. Ppt rapid diagnostic tests rdts for malaria powerpoint. Use of malaria rdts in various health contexts across sub.
The use of the rdt does not eliminate the need for malaria microscopy. These antigens are present in the blood of infected or recently infected people. A blood specimen collected from the patient is applied to the sample pad on the test card along with certain reagents. These rdts capture parasite antigen from peripheral blood using monoclonal antibodies prepared against a target malarial antigen and conjugated to gold particles in a mobile phase. The rdt works through the lateral flow or immunochromatographic strip ics method. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Neither of these tests will be affected by whether you eat or not. Rdt test procedure national malaria control programme. Give your memorable malaria presentation and build your crawd. Visual readouts are available typically within 20 mins or less. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests rdts may improve fever management in areas without microscopy. Malaria in equatorial guinea remains a major public health problem. In endemic countries like pakistan precise and timely diagnosis of malaria is imperative to overcome the associated risks of fatal outcomes.
Rdts have recently become available in the united states. Malaria continues to claim the lives of more than 435 000 people each year, largely in africa. Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases 6. Populations living in remote rural communities would benefit from rapid, highly sensitive molecular, dnabased diagnostics to inform the correct and timely treatment of infectious diseases. An antigenbased stick, cassette or card test for malaria in which a coloured line indicates the presence of plasmodial antigens. Malaria is the second most prevalent disease in pakistan resulting in 30,000 annual deaths. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests rdts assist in the diagnosis of malaria by detecting evidence of malaria parasites antigens in human blood.
Laboratory diagnosis of malaria conventional and rapid diagnostic methods michael l. Administer follow on treatment after artesunate complete. Children were screened for enrollment into this rdt substudy, according to the following eligibility criteria. Ppt malaria updated powerpoint presentation free to. Field performance of wondfo and sd bioline malaria pfpan. Malaria powerpoint ppt presentation slides slidesfinder. View and free download malaria powerpoint ppt presentation slides. The rdt may not be able to detect some infections with lower number of malaria parasites circulating in the patients bloodstream. In malaria endemic countries, approximately 40% of the population seek care and treatment for febrile illnesses in the private sector.
Rdts for the detection of malaria antigens are based on the immunochromatographic test principle. Guidance for choosing a malaria rapid diagnostic test rdt. Algorithm for management of malaria centers for disease. Malaria is a disease that is found in hundreds of different countries around the world and over 3 billion people are at risk from the disease. Malaria is an infectious disease that is spread by mosquitoes, in particular female mosquitoes of the genus anopheles. Alternatively, rdts specific for falciparum malaria may be used, and treatment for vivax malaria given only to cases with a negative test result but a high clinical suspicion of malaria. Malarial parasite was screened in 128 malaria suspected patients and 150 healthy controls, by speciesspecific pcr, microscopy of blood smears, hemoanalyzer. Concurrence of carestart malaria hrp2 rdt with microscopy. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is critical to the effective management of malaria and in improving the reliability of surveillance data. Malaria case management powerpoint ppt presentation. Recurrence of asexual parasitaemia following antimalarial treatment comprising the same genotypes that caused the. All negative rdt must be followed by microscopy to confirm the result. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests rdts assist in the diagnosis of malaria by providing evidence of the presence of malaria parasites in human blood. Methods dna was extracted from two rdt devices paracheckpf and sd bioline malaria pfpan, seeded in vitro with 10fold dilutions of cultured 3d7 p.
New rapid diagnostic tests rdts for screening human african trypanosomiasis hat have been introduced as alternatives to the card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis catt. Accuracy of two malaria rapid diagnostic tests rdts for. Introduction malaria is a common and lifethreatening disease in many tropical and subtropical areas. Background pregnancy poses specific challenges for the diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum infection due to parasite sequestration in the placenta, which translates in low circulation levels in peripheral blood. Rapid diagnostic test rdt world health organization. One brand of rdt, the sd bioline hat rdt has been shown to have lower specificity but higher sensitivity than catt, so to make a rational choice between screening strategies, a costeffectiveness analysis is a key.
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